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''Leucochloridium variae'', common name brown-banded broodsac, is a species of a parasite that invades snails and makes their eye stalks swollen, pulsating and colourful. This maggot-resembling feature attracts birds. The bird rips off the eye stalk and eats it and later on the parasite's egg is dropped with the bird's feces. Similar life-histories are found in most species in the genus ''Leucochloridium'' including ''Leucochloridium paradoxum''. The snail regenerates a replacement eye stalk, which also becomes infected by the parasite. Director Harold Tichenor made a film ''Life Cycle of Leucochloridium variae'' in 1969.〔(Life Cycle of Leucochloridium variae ) entry on IMDb. Retrieved 30 April 2010.〕 == Distribution == North America: Iowa,〔 Nebraska,〔Michael A. Barger & John A. Hnida. 2008. ''(Survey of Trematodes from Terrestrial Gastropods and Small Mammals in Southeastern Nebraska, U.S.A. )'' Comparative Parasitology 75(2):308-314. 〕〔Bakke, Tor A. 1982. (The Morphology and Taxonomy of ''Leucochloridium (L.) variae'' Mclntosh (Digenea, Leucochloridiidae) from the Nearctic as Revealed by Light and Scanning Electron Microscopy ). Zoologica Scripta 11(2):87–100 〕 Ohio〔A Burky & Daniel J. Hornbach. 1979 ''(Comparison of carbon and nitrogen content of infected and uninfected snails, Succinea ovalis, and the trematode Leucochloridium variae )''. Journal of Parasitology 65(3): 371-374〕 and others. Worm eggs unknowingly ingested by the Amber Snail hatch in the snail's digestive tract. The larva then change into sporocysts, causing drastic mutations in the snail's brain (biology protip: snails have ganglia, not a true brain) and physiology. Healthy snails seek darkness to hide from predators, but the infected Amber Snail moves itself into dangerous open space and light. It is also helpless to retract its newly swollen, pulsating tentacles.〔(【引用サイトリンク】first=ZRS )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Leucochloridium variae」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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